Teach you the techniques for controlling the tempering process of curved springs
Source of articles：www.tembdq.com
Release time：2026/1/4 14:59:58
The tempering treatment of arc springs is to reduce or eliminate quenching stress, improve toughness and plasticity, and obtain an appropriate combination of hardness, strength, plasticity, and toughness to meet the performance requirements of arc springs. By tempering treatment, some carbides can be precipitated and the hardness of the spring can be increased again. However, the tempering time is also a very important factor. Below, we will explain the specific issues of tempering for curved springs.
The purpose of tempering arc-shaped springs is to:
Reduce or eliminate quenching stress, improve toughness and plasticity, and obtain an appropriate combination of hardness, strength, plasticity, and toughness to meet the performance requirements of hot-rolled springs.
Tempering time control techniques for curved springs:
1. Tempering characteristics of carbon steel
The mechanical properties of quenched and tempered arc spring steel are often measured by hardness.
In the case of incomplete quenching, the difference in hardness along the cross-section of the workpiece gradually decreases with the increase of tempering temperature and the extension of tempering time. The tempering characteristics of alloy steel are basically similar to those of carbon steel.
But for steel with secondary hardening phenomenon, it is different, and the degree of tempering cannot be simply characterized by the M parameter.
2. Low temperature tempering
The low-temperature tempering of arc-shaped springs is also known as "stress relief tempering". The tempering temperature range is 150-250 degrees Celsius, and the microstructure after tempering is tempered martensite.
Steel has high hardness and wear resistance, but its internal stress and brittleness are reduced. The hardness of parts that have undergone carburizing and surface quenching after tempering is generally 58-64HRC.
3. Tempering time
The tempering time of the central arc spring should include the heating time required to uniformly reach the tempering temperature according to the cross-section of the workpiece, as well as the time required to achieve the required tempering hardness and complete the microstructure transformation according to the M parameter. If the elimination of internal stress is considered, the time required for stress relaxation at different tempering temperatures should also be taken into account.
The low-temperature tempering time, which is mainly based on stress relaxation, should be longer than the data listed in the table, up to several tens of hours. For secondary hardening high alloy steel, the tempering time should be determined through experiments based on the carbide transformation process. When there is a large amount of residual austenite and it is eliminated by secondary quenching, the number of tempering cycles should also be determined.
The above is a brief analysis of the tempering time control techniques for curved springs. If you encounter such problems during timely use, we hope that you will analyze them correctly according to the above methods and take corresponding improvement measures in a timely manner to better ensure the production efficiency of the equipment.
The purpose of tempering arc-shaped springs is to:
Reduce or eliminate quenching stress, improve toughness and plasticity, and obtain an appropriate combination of hardness, strength, plasticity, and toughness to meet the performance requirements of hot-rolled springs.
Tempering time control techniques for curved springs:
1. Tempering characteristics of carbon steel
The mechanical properties of quenched and tempered arc spring steel are often measured by hardness.
In the case of incomplete quenching, the difference in hardness along the cross-section of the workpiece gradually decreases with the increase of tempering temperature and the extension of tempering time. The tempering characteristics of alloy steel are basically similar to those of carbon steel.
But for steel with secondary hardening phenomenon, it is different, and the degree of tempering cannot be simply characterized by the M parameter.
2. Low temperature tempering
The low-temperature tempering of arc-shaped springs is also known as "stress relief tempering". The tempering temperature range is 150-250 degrees Celsius, and the microstructure after tempering is tempered martensite.
Steel has high hardness and wear resistance, but its internal stress and brittleness are reduced. The hardness of parts that have undergone carburizing and surface quenching after tempering is generally 58-64HRC.
3. Tempering time
The tempering time of the central arc spring should include the heating time required to uniformly reach the tempering temperature according to the cross-section of the workpiece, as well as the time required to achieve the required tempering hardness and complete the microstructure transformation according to the M parameter. If the elimination of internal stress is considered, the time required for stress relaxation at different tempering temperatures should also be taken into account.
The low-temperature tempering time, which is mainly based on stress relaxation, should be longer than the data listed in the table, up to several tens of hours. For secondary hardening high alloy steel, the tempering time should be determined through experiments based on the carbide transformation process. When there is a large amount of residual austenite and it is eliminated by secondary quenching, the number of tempering cycles should also be determined.
The above is a brief analysis of the tempering time control techniques for curved springs. If you encounter such problems during timely use, we hope that you will analyze them correctly according to the above methods and take corresponding improvement measures in a timely manner to better ensure the production efficiency of the equipment.
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